IBNU THUFAIL dan PEMIKIRANNYA
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<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=1551508683293426018" name="_Toc383093298"><span lang="IN">KATA PENGANTAR</span></a></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Syukur Alhamdulillah </span><span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">saya</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> panjatkan kehadirat Allah SWT, karena Rahmat dan
Hidayah-Nya sehingga </span><span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">saya</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> dapat menyelesaikan penyusunan makalah ini, yang
berjudul: <i>“Ibnu Thufail Dan Pemikirannya”.</i><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Sholawat dan salam semoga senantiasa
tercurahkan kepada junjungan kita. Nabi besar Muhammad SAW, yang telah
membimbing umat dari jalan kegelapan menuju jalan yang terang benderang yang
diridhoi oleh Allah SWT yaitu dengan agama Islam.</span><span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Walaupun </span><span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">saya</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> sudah berupaya semaksimal mungkin, demi terselesainya </span><span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">makalahini</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, </span><span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">saya</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> tetap menyadari bahwa kemampuan </span><span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">saya</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> jauh dari kesempurnaan, dan sudah pasti masih banyak
kekurangannya. </span><span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Sehinggakritikdan saran yang
sifatnyamembangun yang sangatsayaharapkan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Dan atasterselesaikannyapenyusunan</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">makalah</span><span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ini,
taklupapenulisucapkanterimakasih yang sebesar-besarnyakepada:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1. Bpk</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">.</span><span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Moh. Athfal, S. Agselakuguru
matapelajaran PAI di SMK N 2, Pekalongan yang telahmembimbingdanmendidiksayasehinggasayamenjadisiswa
yang berilmu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2. Semuapihak yang
telahmembantupenulis demi terselesainyamakalahini.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Semogabimbingandanbantuan yang diberikanmendapatbalasandari
Allah SWTjugamakalah yang dibuatinidapatbermanfaat.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif";">DAFTAR ISI<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<br /></div>
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<!--[if supportFields]><span lang=IN style='font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:IN'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>TOC
\h \z \t "BAB,1,SUB BAB,2" <span style='mso-element:field-separator'></span></span><![endif]--><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoToc1">
<span class="MsoHyperlink"><a href="file:///G:/Makalah%20Agama/ISI.docx#_Toc383093298">KATA
PENGANTAR<span style="display: none; text-decoration: none;">. </span><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='color:windowtext;display:none;mso-hide:screen;text-decoration:none;
text-underline:none'><span style='mso-element:field-begin'></span></span><span
style='color:windowtext;display:none;mso-hide:screen;text-decoration:none;
text-underline:none'> PAGEREF _Toc383093298 \h </span><span style='color:windowtext;
display:none;mso-hide:screen;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span
style='mso-element:field-separator'></span></span><![endif]--><span style="display: none; text-decoration: none;">1</span><span style="display: none; text-decoration: none;"><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:data>08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000E0000005F0054006F0063003300380033003000390033003200390038000000</w:data>
</xml><![endif]--></span><!--[if supportFields]><span style='color:windowtext;
display:none;mso-hide:screen;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--></a></span><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoToc1">
<span class="MsoHyperlink"><a href="file:///G:/Makalah%20Agama/ISI.docx#_Toc383093299">BAB
I<span style="display: none; text-decoration: none;"> </span><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='color:windowtext;display:none;mso-hide:screen;text-decoration:none;
text-underline:none'><span style='mso-element:field-begin'></span></span><span
style='color:windowtext;display:none;mso-hide:screen;text-decoration:none;
text-underline:none'> PAGEREF _Toc383093299 \h </span><span style='color:windowtext;
display:none;mso-hide:screen;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span
style='mso-element:field-separator'></span></span><![endif]--><span style="display: none; text-decoration: none;">3</span><span style="display: none; text-decoration: none;"><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:data>08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000E0000005F0054006F0063003300380033003000390033003200390039000000</w:data>
</xml><![endif]--></span><!--[if supportFields]><span style='color:windowtext;
display:none;mso-hide:screen;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--></a></span><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoToc1">
<span class="MsoHyperlink"><a href="file:///G:/Makalah%20Agama/ISI.docx#_Toc383093300">PENDAHULUAN<span style="display: none; text-decoration: none;">.. </span><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='color:windowtext;display:none;mso-hide:screen;text-decoration:none;
text-underline:none'><span style='mso-element:field-begin'></span></span><span
style='color:windowtext;display:none;mso-hide:screen;text-decoration:none;
text-underline:none'> PAGEREF _Toc383093300 \h </span><span style='color:windowtext;
display:none;mso-hide:screen;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span
style='mso-element:field-separator'></span></span><![endif]--><span style="display: none; text-decoration: none;">3</span><span style="display: none; text-decoration: none;"><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:data>08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000E0000005F0054006F0063003300380033003000390033003300300030000000</w:data>
</xml><![endif]--></span><!--[if supportFields]><span style='color:windowtext;
display:none;mso-hide:screen;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--></a></span><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoToc2">
<span class="MsoHyperlink"><a href="file:///G:/Makalah%20Agama/ISI.docx#_Toc383093301">A.<span style="text-decoration: none;"> </span>KATA PENGANTAR<span style="display: none; text-decoration: none;">. </span><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='color:windowtext;display:none;mso-hide:screen;text-decoration:none;
text-underline:none'><span style='mso-element:field-begin'></span></span><span
style='color:windowtext;display:none;mso-hide:screen;text-decoration:none;
text-underline:none'> PAGEREF _Toc383093301 \h </span><span style='color:windowtext;
display:none;mso-hide:screen;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span
style='mso-element:field-separator'></span></span><![endif]--><span style="display: none; text-decoration: none;">3</span><span style="display: none; text-decoration: none;"><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:data>08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000E0000005F0054006F0063003300380033003000390033003300300031000000</w:data>
</xml><![endif]--></span><!--[if supportFields]><span style='color:windowtext;
display:none;mso-hide:screen;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--></a></span><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoToc2">
<span class="MsoHyperlink"><a href="file:///G:/Makalah%20Agama/ISI.docx#_Toc383093302">B.
RUMUSAN MASALAH<span style="display: none; text-decoration: none;">.. </span><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='color:windowtext;display:none;mso-hide:screen;text-decoration:none;
text-underline:none'><span style='mso-element:field-begin'></span></span><span
style='color:windowtext;display:none;mso-hide:screen;text-decoration:none;
text-underline:none'> PAGEREF _Toc383093302 \h </span><span style='color:windowtext;
display:none;mso-hide:screen;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span
style='mso-element:field-separator'></span></span><![endif]--><span style="display: none; text-decoration: none;">4</span><span style="display: none; text-decoration: none;"><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:data>08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000E0000005F0054006F0063003300380033003000390033003300300032000000</w:data>
</xml><![endif]--></span><!--[if supportFields]><span style='color:windowtext;
display:none;mso-hide:screen;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--></a></span><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoToc1">
<span class="MsoHyperlink"><a href="file:///G:/Makalah%20Agama/ISI.docx#_Toc383093303">BAB
II<span style="display: none; text-decoration: none;"> </span><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='color:windowtext;display:none;mso-hide:screen;text-decoration:none;
text-underline:none'><span style='mso-element:field-begin'></span></span><span
style='color:windowtext;display:none;mso-hide:screen;text-decoration:none;
text-underline:none'> PAGEREF _Toc383093303 \h </span><span style='color:windowtext;
display:none;mso-hide:screen;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span
style='mso-element:field-separator'></span></span><![endif]--><span style="display: none; text-decoration: none;">5</span><span style="display: none; text-decoration: none;"><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:data>08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000E0000005F0054006F0063003300380033003000390033003300300033000000</w:data>
</xml><![endif]--></span><!--[if supportFields]><span style='color:windowtext;
display:none;mso-hide:screen;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--></a></span><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoToc1">
<span class="MsoHyperlink"><a href="file:///G:/Makalah%20Agama/ISI.docx#_Toc383093304">PEMBAHASAN<span style="display: none; text-decoration: none;">.. </span><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='color:windowtext;display:none;mso-hide:screen;text-decoration:none;
text-underline:none'><span style='mso-element:field-begin'></span></span><span
style='color:windowtext;display:none;mso-hide:screen;text-decoration:none;
text-underline:none'> PAGEREF _Toc383093304 \h </span><span style='color:windowtext;
display:none;mso-hide:screen;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span
style='mso-element:field-separator'></span></span><![endif]--><span style="display: none; text-decoration: none;">5</span><span style="display: none; text-decoration: none;"><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:data>08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000E0000005F0054006F0063003300380033003000390033003300300034000000</w:data>
</xml><![endif]--></span><!--[if supportFields]><span style='color:windowtext;
display:none;mso-hide:screen;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--></a></span><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoToc2">
<span class="MsoHyperlink"><a href="file:///G:/Makalah%20Agama/ISI.docx#_Toc383093305">A.
RIWAYAT IBNU THUFAIL<span style="display: none; text-decoration: none;">. </span><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='color:windowtext;display:none;mso-hide:screen;text-decoration:none;
text-underline:none'><span style='mso-element:field-begin'></span></span><span
style='color:windowtext;display:none;mso-hide:screen;text-decoration:none;
text-underline:none'> PAGEREF _Toc383093305 \h </span><span style='color:windowtext;
display:none;mso-hide:screen;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span
style='mso-element:field-separator'></span></span><![endif]--><span style="display: none; text-decoration: none;">5</span><span style="display: none; text-decoration: none;"><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:data>08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000E0000005F0054006F0063003300380033003000390033003300300035000000</w:data>
</xml><![endif]--></span><!--[if supportFields]><span style='color:windowtext;
display:none;mso-hide:screen;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--></a></span><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoToc2">
<span class="MsoHyperlink"><a href="file:///G:/Makalah%20Agama/ISI.docx#_Toc383093306">B.
KARYA-KARYA IBNU THUFAIL<span style="display: none; text-decoration: none;">. </span><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='color:windowtext;display:none;mso-hide:screen;text-decoration:none;
text-underline:none'><span style='mso-element:field-begin'></span></span><span
style='color:windowtext;display:none;mso-hide:screen;text-decoration:none;
text-underline:none'> PAGEREF _Toc383093306 \h </span><span style='color:windowtext;
display:none;mso-hide:screen;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span
style='mso-element:field-separator'></span></span><![endif]--><span style="display: none; text-decoration: none;">6</span><span style="display: none; text-decoration: none;"><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:data>08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000E0000005F0054006F0063003300380033003000390033003300300036000000</w:data>
</xml><![endif]--></span><!--[if supportFields]><span style='color:windowtext;
display:none;mso-hide:screen;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--></a></span><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoToc2">
<span class="MsoHyperlink"><a href="file:///G:/Makalah%20Agama/ISI.docx#_Toc383093307">C.
FILSAFAT/PEMIKIRAN IBNU THUFAIL<span style="display: none; text-decoration: none;">. </span><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='color:windowtext;display:none;mso-hide:screen;text-decoration:none;
text-underline:none'><span style='mso-element:field-begin'></span></span><span
style='color:windowtext;display:none;mso-hide:screen;text-decoration:none;
text-underline:none'> PAGEREF _Toc383093307 \h </span><span style='color:windowtext;
display:none;mso-hide:screen;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span
style='mso-element:field-separator'></span></span><![endif]--><span style="display: none; text-decoration: none;">7</span><span style="display: none; text-decoration: none;"><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:data>08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000E0000005F0054006F0063003300380033003000390033003300300037000000</w:data>
</xml><![endif]--></span><!--[if supportFields]><span style='color:windowtext;
display:none;mso-hide:screen;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--></a></span><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoToc1">
<span class="MsoHyperlink"><a href="file:///G:/Makalah%20Agama/ISI.docx#_Toc383093308">BAB
III<span style="display: none; text-decoration: none;"> </span><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='color:windowtext;display:none;mso-hide:screen;text-decoration:none;
text-underline:none'><span style='mso-element:field-begin'></span></span><span
style='color:windowtext;display:none;mso-hide:screen;text-decoration:none;
text-underline:none'> PAGEREF _Toc383093308 \h </span><span style='color:windowtext;
display:none;mso-hide:screen;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span
style='mso-element:field-separator'></span></span><![endif]--><span style="display: none; text-decoration: none;">14</span><span style="display: none; text-decoration: none;"><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:data>08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000E0000005F0054006F0063003300380033003000390033003300300038000000</w:data>
</xml><![endif]--></span><!--[if supportFields]><span style='color:windowtext;
display:none;mso-hide:screen;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--></a></span><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoToc1">
<span class="MsoHyperlink"><a href="file:///G:/Makalah%20Agama/ISI.docx#_Toc383093309">PENUTUP<span style="display: none; text-decoration: none;">. </span><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='color:windowtext;display:none;mso-hide:screen;text-decoration:none;
text-underline:none'><span style='mso-element:field-begin'></span></span><span
style='color:windowtext;display:none;mso-hide:screen;text-decoration:none;
text-underline:none'> PAGEREF _Toc383093309 \h </span><span style='color:windowtext;
display:none;mso-hide:screen;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span
style='mso-element:field-separator'></span></span><![endif]--><span style="display: none; text-decoration: none;">14</span><span style="display: none; text-decoration: none;"><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:data>08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000E0000005F0054006F0063003300380033003000390033003300300039000000</w:data>
</xml><![endif]--></span><!--[if supportFields]><span style='color:windowtext;
display:none;mso-hide:screen;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--></a></span><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoToc2">
<span class="MsoHyperlink"><a href="file:///G:/Makalah%20Agama/ISI.docx#_Toc383093310">A.
KESIMPULAN<span style="display: none; text-decoration: none;">.. </span><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='color:windowtext;display:none;mso-hide:screen;text-decoration:none;
text-underline:none'><span style='mso-element:field-begin'></span></span><span
style='color:windowtext;display:none;mso-hide:screen;text-decoration:none;
text-underline:none'> PAGEREF _Toc383093310 \h </span><span style='color:windowtext;
display:none;mso-hide:screen;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span
style='mso-element:field-separator'></span></span><![endif]--><span style="display: none; text-decoration: none;">14</span><span style="display: none; text-decoration: none;"><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:data>08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000E0000005F0054006F0063003300380033003000390033003300310030000000</w:data>
</xml><![endif]--></span><!--[if supportFields]><span style='color:windowtext;
display:none;mso-hide:screen;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--></a></span><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoToc2">
<span class="MsoHyperlink"><a href="file:///G:/Makalah%20Agama/ISI.docx#_Toc383093311">B.
SARAN-SARAN<span style="display: none; text-decoration: none;">.. </span><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='color:windowtext;display:none;mso-hide:screen;text-decoration:none;
text-underline:none'><span style='mso-element:field-begin'></span></span><span
style='color:windowtext;display:none;mso-hide:screen;text-decoration:none;
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<span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif";"> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=1551508683293426018" name="_Toc383093299"><span lang="IN">BAB I</span></a></div>
<div class="BAB" style="text-align: center;">
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=1551508683293426018" name="_Toc383093300"><span lang="IN">PENDAHULUAN</span></a></div>
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<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=1551508683293426018" name="_Toc383093301"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="IN">A.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN">KATA PENGANTAR</span></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Pemikiran seseorang tidak akan lepas
dari pengaruh zaman dan tempat dimana orang itu berada. Pengaruh zaman dan tempat
itu akan memberikan ciri khas atau corak dari pemikiran itu sendiri. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Demikian pula dalam sejarah filsafat.
Meskipun pada dasarnya sumber filsafat adalah satu yaitu rasio, namun, tidak pelak pemikiran<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=1551508683293426018" name="more"></a> filosofis
dari para filosof memiliki ciri dan karakter yang berbeda. Dapat kita lihat bahwa
telah terjadi perbedaan yang cukup signifikan antara pemikiran Al Ghazali dengan
IbnuRusyd.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Makalah ini secara spesifik ingin mengetahui
ciri atau corak pemikiran salah satu filosof muslim yang terkenal dengan roman
filosofisnya: <i>Hayy ibn Yaqzhan</i>. Adalah ibnu Thufail, seorang filosof muslim
yang hidup pada masa khalifah Abu Ya’kub Yusuf, Dinasti Al Muwahhid Spanyol.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Saya harap, makalah yang singkat ini
dapat memberikan pengetahuan dan pencerahan bagi kita semua. Amin.</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=1551508683293426018" name="_Toc383093302"><span lang="IN">B.
</span><span lang="IN">RUMUSAN MASALAH</span></a></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1. Bagaimana riwayat hidup Ibnu Thufail?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2. Apa saja karya- karya Ibnu Thufail?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3. Bagaimana filsafat/pemikiran Ibnu
Thufail?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">C. TUJUAN
PENULISAN<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1. Untuk mengetahui riwayat hidup Ibnu
Thufail.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2. Untuk mengetahui karya-karya Ibnu
Thufail.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3. Untuk mengetahui filsafat/pemikiran Ibnu
Thufail. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><br clear="all" style="mso-break-type: section-break; page-break-before: auto;" />
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<div class="BAB">
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=1551508683293426018" name="_Toc383093303"><span lang="IN">BAB II</span></a></div>
<div class="BAB">
<span lang="IN"> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=1551508683293426018" name="_Toc383093304">PEMBAHASAN</a></span></div>
<div class="SUBBAB">
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=1551508683293426018" name="_Toc383093305"><span lang="IN">A.
</span><span lang="IN">RIWAYAT IBNU THUFAIL</span></a></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Nama lengkap Ibnu Thufail adalah Abu Bakar Muhammad Ibnu
Abdul Al Malik Ibnu Muhammad Ibnu Muhammad Ibnu Thufail. Ia di lahirkan di
Cadik, provinsi Granada, Spanyol pada tahun 506 H/ 1110 M. Ibnu Thufail
termasuk dalam keluarga suku arab terkemuka, Qais. Dalam bahasa latin ia
populer dengan sebutan Abu Bacer.</span><span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Sebagaimana filosof- filosof Muslim dimasanya ( juga
filosof- filosof Yunani), Ibnu Thufail juga memiliki disiplin ilmu dalam
berbagai bidang ( <i>all round</i>). Selain sebagai seorang filosof, ia juga
ahli dalam ilmu kedokteran, matematika, astronomi, dan penyair yang sangat
terkenal dari Dinasti Al – Muwahhid Spanyol. Ia memulai karirnya sebagai dokter
praktek di Ganada. Lewat ketenarannya sebagai dokter, ia diangkat sebagai
sekretaris Gubernur di provinsi itu. Kemudian ia diangkat menjadi sekretaris
pribadi Gubernur Geuta dan Tangier oleh putra Al- Mu’min, penguasaAl- Muwahhid
Spanyol. Selanjutnya ia diangkat menjadi dokter pemerintah dan sekaligus
menjadi Qodhi.</span><span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Ibnu Thufail meletakkan jabatan sebagai dokter pemerintah
pada tahun 587 H/ 1182 M karena alasan usianya yang sudah lanjut. Ia
menganjurkan kepada khalifah supaya Ibnu Rusyd, muridnya, menggantikan
kedudukannya. Khalifah Abu Yusuf Al- Mansur meluluskan permintaannya dengan
langsung menuujuk Ibnu Rusyd sebagai dokter istana. Semasa hidupnya Ibnu
Thufail menerima penghargaan dari khalifah. Ketika ia meninggal pun di Marokko
pada tahun 580 H/ 1184 M khalifah ikut menghadiri upacara pemakamannya, juga
sebagai penghargaan terhadapnya.</span><span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<div class="SUBBAB">
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=1551508683293426018" name="_Toc383093306"><span lang="IN">B.
</span><span lang="IN">KARYA-KARYA IBNU THUFAIL</span></a></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Disebutkan
bahwa Ibnu Thufail memiliki beberapa karangan tentang kedokteran, Astronomi,
Filsafat, dan Psikologi. Tetapi tidak banyak buku- bukunya tentang psikologi
yang sampai ketangan kami, kecuali kisah<i> Hayy ibn Yaqzhan </i>buku ini
merupakan kisah filosofis- sufistik yang membuat Ibnu Thufail sangat terkenal.</span><span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Ernst Beker
menyebutkan dalam bukunya <i>Tarikh al- Qishshat al- Injiliziyah, </i>yang
diterbitkan pada tahun 1942 dan buku- buku lain berbahasa Eropa dan Arab bahwa
kisah <i>Hayy ibn Yaqzhan </i>karangan Ibnu Thufail merupakan salah satu
rujukan sumber novelnya, <i>Robenson Corozo </i>yang diterbitkan pada tahun
1719.Karya tulis Ibnu Thufail yang dikenal orang sedikit sekali. Karyanya yang
terpopuler dan masih dapat ditemukan sampai sekarang ialah <i>Hayy ibn Yaqzhan </i>(
Roman <i>Philosophique</i>), yang judul lengkapnya risalat <i>Hayy ibn Yaqzhan
fi Asrar al- Hikmat al- Masyriqiyyat.</i></span><span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Karya Ibnu
Thufail ini merupakan suatu kreasi yang unik dari pemikiran filsafatnya.
Sebelumnya, judul ini telah diberikan oleh Ibnu Sina kepada salah satu karya
esoteriknya. Demikian juga, nama tokoh Absal dan Salman telah ada dalam buku
Ibnu Sina, <i>Salman wal Absal</i>. Kendatipun kisah ini tidak orisinal, bahkan
sebelum Ibnu Sina juga kisah ini sudah ada, seperti kisah Arab kuno, Hunain
ibnu Ishak, Salman dan Absal Ibnu Arabi dan lain- lain namun Ibnu Thufail
berhasil menjadikan kisah ini menjadi kisah romanfilosofis yang unik. Ketajaman
filosofisnya yang menandai kebaruan kisah ini dan ia menjadikannya salah satu
kisah yang paling asli dan paling indah pada abad pertengahan. Hal ini terbukti
dengan banyaknya buku ini diterjemahkan ke dalam bahasa Ibrani, Latin, Inggris,
Belanda, Perancis, Spanyol, Jerman, dan Rusia. Bahkan pada zaman moderenpun
minat terhadap karya Ibnu Thufail ini tetap ada. Ahmad Amin ( 1952)
menerbitkannya ke dalam edisi bahasa Arab yang diikuti terjemahannya dalam
bahasa Persi dan Urdu.</span><span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Dalam <i>Hayy
ibn Yaqzhan, </i>Ibnu Thufail berusaha membuktikan kebenaran tesis kesatuan
kebijaksanaan rasional dan mistis melalui kisah fiktif. </span><span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Buku <i>Hayy
ibn Yaqzhan </i>dinamakan juga Asrarul hikmah al- masraqiyyah. Judul yang
sebenarnya dari buku itu sangat panjang yaitu:<i> Risalah Hayyu bin Yaqdzan fi
Asraril Hikmah Al Masraqiyyah, Istakhlashaha Min Durari Jawahiri Al- Fahilur –
Ra’is Abi ‘Ali Ibn Sina, Al- Imam Al- Failasuf Al- kamil Al’Arif Abi Ja’far
Muhammad bin Thufail </i>( risalah Hayyu bin Yaqzhan tentang rahasia filsafat
al <i>Masraqiyyah,</i>diringkas oleh abu ja’far muhammad bin thufail dari
mutiara ucapan Ar Ra’is Abi ‘Ali Ibn Sina). Dari judul itu saja cukup kita
ketahui bahwa Ibnu Thufail mengikuti Ibnu Sina.</span><span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="SUBBAB">
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=1551508683293426018" name="_Toc383093307"><span lang="IN">C.
</span><span lang="IN">FILSAFAT/PEMIKIRAN IBNU THUFAIL</span></a></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Untuk memaparkan pandangan-pandangan filsafatnya, Ibnu
Thufail memilih metode khusus dalam bentuk kisah filsafat, dalam bukunya yang
terkenal <i>hayy Ibn Yaqzhan</i>.</span><span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi;">1. </span></b><b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Metafisika</span></b><span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Dari hasil
pengamatan dan pemikiran tentang alam semesta serta pengalaman hidupnya, Hayy
sampai pada suatu kepastian bahwa alam ini diciptakan oleh Allah. Dengan
akalnya, ia telah mengetahui adanya Allah. Dalam membuktikan adanya Allah Ibnu
Thufail mengemukakan tiga argumen sebagai berikut:</span><span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi;">a.
</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Argumen gerak ( <i>al-harakat</i> )</span><span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Gerak alam ini menjadi bukti tentang Adanya Allah, baik
bagi orang yang meyakini alam baharu maupun bagi orang yang meyakini alam
qadim.</span><span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Bagi orang yang meyakini alam baharu ( hadits ), berarti
alam ini sebelumnya tidak ada, kemudian menjadi ada. Untuk menjadi ada mustahil
dirinya sendiri mengadakan. Oleh karena itu, mesti ada penciptanya. Pencipta
inilah yang menggerakkan alam dari tidak ada menjadi ada, yang disebutkan
dengan Allah. Sementara itu, bagi orang yang meyakini alam kadim, alam ini
tidak didahului oleh tidak ada dan selalu ada, gerak alam ini qadim tidak
berawal dan tidak berakhir. Karena zaman tidak mendahuluinya, arti kata gerak
ini tidak didahului oleh diam. Adanya gerak ini menunjukkan secara pasti adanya
penggerak (Allah).</span><span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Secara faktual, disinilah terletak keistemewaan argumen
gerak Ibnu Thufail yang dapat membuktikan adanya Allah, baik bagi orang yang
meyakini alam qadim maupun bagi orang yang meyakini alam aharu. Bagi
orang yang meyakini alam qadim, penggerak ini berfungsi mengubah materi di alam
dari potensial ke aktual, arti kata mengubah satu bentuk ada kepada bentuk ada
yang lain. Sementara itu, bagi orang yang meyakini alam baharu, penggerak ini
berfungsi mengubah alam dati tidak ada ( <i>al-‘adam</i> ) menjadi ada. Argumen
gerak ini sebagai bukti alam qadim dan baharunya belum pernah dikemukakan oleh
filosof muslim manapun sebelumnya. Dengan argumen ini, Ibnu Thufail memperkuat
argumentasi bahwa tanpa wahyu akal dapat mengetahui adanya Allah.</span><span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi;">b.
</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Argumen materi ( <i>al-madat</i> ) dan
bentuk ( <i>al-shurat</i> )</span><span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Argumen ini, menurut Ibnu Thufail, dapat membuktikan
adanya Allah, baik bagi yang meyakini alam qadim maupun haditsnya. Argumen ini
didasarkan pada ilmu fisika dan masih ada korelasinya dengan dalil yang pertama
( <i>al-harakat</i> ). Hal ini dikemukakan oleh Ibnu thufail dalam kumpulan
pokok pikiran yang terkait antara satu dengan lainnnya yakni sebgai berikut:</span><span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi;"><br clear="all" style="mso-break-type: section-break; page-break-before: auto;" />
</span>
<br />
<div class="Section4">
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi;">1) </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Segala yang ada ini tersusun dari materi dan bentuk.</span><span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi;">2)
</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Setiap materi membutuhkan bentuk.</span><span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi;">3)
</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Bentuk tidak mungkin bereksistensi penggerak.</span><span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi;">4)
</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Segala yang ada ( <i>maujud</i> ) untuk
bereksistensi membutuhkan pencipta.</span><span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><br clear="all" style="mso-break-type: section-break; page-break-before: auto;" />
</span>
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<div class="Section5">
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Dengan argumen diatas dapat dibuktikan adanya Allah
sebagai pencipta alam ini. Ia maha kuasa dan bebas memilih serta tidak berawal
dan tidak berakhir.</span><span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Bagi orang yang meyakini alam qadim, pencipta ini
berfungsi mengeksistensikan wujud dari satu bentuk pada bentuk yang lain.
sementara itu, bagi orang yang meyakini alam baharu, pencipta ini berfungsi
menciptakan alam dari tidak ada menjadi ada. Pencipta (Allah) merupakan <i>‘illat
</i>(sebab) dan alam merupakan <i>ma’lul </i>(akibat). Antara keduanya
mempunyai perbedaan yang tajam dan tudak bisa di samakan dalam berbagai aspek,
seperti Allah kekal dan kaya, sedangkan alam berkesudahan dan berkehendak.</span><span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Berbeda dari Aristoteles dan Ibnu Bajjah, Ibnu Thufail
tidak hanya mempergunakan argumen ini untuk membuktikan adanya Allah bagi orang
yang meyakini alam qadim, melainkan juga bagi orang yang meyakini alam baharu.</span><span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi;">c.
</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Arguman <i>al-Ghaiyyat</i> dan<i>
al-inayatal-Ilahiyyat</i></span><span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Argumen ini berdasarkan pada kenyataan bahwa segala
yang ada di alam ini mempunyai tujuan tertentu. Ini merupakan inayah dari
Allah. Argumen ini pernah dikemukakan Al-Kindi dan Ibnu Sina sebelumnya.
Tampaknya, argumen ini lebih banyak diilhami oleh ajaran Islam. Tiga ‘<i>illat</i>
(sebab) yang dikemukakan oleh Aristoteles, <i>al-madat </i>(materi), a<i>l-shurat
</i>( bentuk ) dan <i>al-failat</i> ( pencipta ) dilengkapi oleh ibnu sina
dengan <i>‘illat al ghaiyyat </i>(sebab tujuan).</span><span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Ibnu Thufail (juga filosof muslim lain) yang berpegang
dengan argmen ini, sesuai dengan qur’ani menolak bahwa alam diciptakan oleh
Allah secara kebetulan. Pencipta seperti itu bukan timbul dari Pencipta Yang
Maha Bijaksana.</span><span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Menurut Ibnu Thufail, alam ini tersusun sangat rapi dan
sangat teratur. Semua planet: matahari, bulan, bintang, dan lainnya berbeda
secara teratur. Begitu juga jenis hewan, semuanya dilengkapi dengan anggota
tubuh yang begitu rupa. Semua anggota tubuh tersebut mempunyai tujuan-tujuan
tertentu yag sangat efektif kemanfaatannya bagi hewan yang bersangkutan. Tampaknya,
tidak satupn ciptaan Allah ini dalam keadaan percuma.</span><span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Ilustrasi diatas dapat dijadikan bukti bahwa terciptanya
kerapian alam ini berdasarkan <i>rahman </i>dan <i>rakhim </i> Allah SWT.</span><span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Dalam hal zat dan sifat Allah , Ibnu Thufail sejalan
dengan pendpat Mu’tazilah. Sifat-sifat Allah yang maha sempurna tidak berlainan
dengan zatnya. Allah mengetahui dan berkuasa bukan dengan sifat ilmu dan kadrat
yang melekat pada zatnya tetapi dengan zatnya sendiri. Allah adalah pemberi
wujud semua makhluk. Ia tidak mungkin dikhayalkan karena khayalan hanya mungkin
terjadi terhadap hal – hal yang inderawi.</span><span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Kendatipun sifat identik dengan zat, Ibnu Thufail masih
membuat rincian sifat Allah yang ia bagi pada 2 kelompok, yaitu:</span><span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi;">1)
</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Sifat-sifat yang menetapkan wujud zat
Allah, seperti ilmu, kadrat, dan hikmah. Sifat-sifat ini adalah zatNya sendiri.
Hal ini untuk meniadakan <i>ta’adud al-qudama’</i>(berbilangnya yang qadim,
sebagaimana paham mu’tazilah).</span><span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi;">2)
</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Sifat <i>salab </i>yakni sifat- sifat
yang menafikan paham kebendaaan dari zat Allah. Dengan demikian Allah suci dari
kaitan dengan kebendaan.</span><span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi;">2. </span></b><b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Fisika</span></b><span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Menurut Ibnu
Thufail alam ini qadin dan juga baru. Alam qadim karena Allah menciptakan-Nya
sejak azali tanpa didahului oleh zaman ( <i>taqaddum zamany</i>). Dilihat dari
esensinya, alam adalah baru karena terwujudnya alam ( <i>ma’lul</i>) bergantug
pada zat Allah ( <i>illat</i>).</span><span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Pandangan Ibnu
Thufail mengenai qadim dan barunya alam, tampaknya merupakan kompromi antara
pendapat Aristoteles yang menyatakan alam qadim dengan ajaran kaum Ortodok
Islam yang menyatakan alam baru. Untuk jelasnya, Ibnu Thufail memberikan contoh
sebagai berikut.</span><span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Sebagaimana
ketika anda menggenggam suatu benda, kemudian nda gerakan tangan anda, maka
benda meski bergerak mengikuti gerak tangan anda. Gerakan benda tersebut
tidak terlambat disegi zaman dan hanya keterlambatan dari segi zat.
Demikianlah alam ini seluruhnya merupakan akibat dan diciptakan oleh Allah
tanpa zaman. Firman Allah: Sesungguh- Nya keadaannya apabila ia menghendaki
sesuatu hanyalah berfirman kepada- Nya: jadilah, maka terjadilah ia. </span><span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi;">3. </span></b><b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Jiwa</span></b><span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Jiwaadalah
makhluk yang tertingi martabatnya. Manusia terdiri dari dua unsur, yakni jasad
dan roh ( <i>al madad wa al ruh</i>). Badan tersusun dari unsur- unsur,
sedangkan jiwa tidak tersusun. Jiwa bukan jisim dan bukan pula suatu daya yang
ada di dalam jisim. Setelah badan hancur atau mengalami kematian, jiwa lepas
dari badan, dan selanjutnya jiwa yang pernah mengenal Allah selama berada dalam
jasad akan hidup dan kekal.</span><span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Menurut Ibnu
Thufail ( juga filosof Muslim sebelumnya), jiwa terdiri dari tiga tingkat, dari
yang rendah jiwa tumbuhan ( <i>al- nafs al - nabatiyyat</i>), ketingkat yang
lebih tinggi jiwa hewan ( <i>al- nafs al- hayawaniyyat</i>), kemudian ketingkat
jiwa yang martabatnya lebih tinggi dari keduannya yaitu jiwa manusia ( <i>al
–nafs al- natiqat</i>).</span><span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Mengenai
keabadian jiwa manusia dan hubungannya dengan Allah Ibnu Thufail mengelompokan
jiwa dalam tiga keadaan berikut:</span><span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi;">a.
</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Jiwa yang sebelum mengalami kematian
jasad telah mengenal Allah, mengagumi kebesaran dan keagunganNya dan selalu
ingat kepadaNya, maka jiwa seperti ini akan kekal dalam kebahagiaan.</span><span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi;">b.
</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Jiwa yang telah mengenal Allah tetapi
melakukan maksiat dan melupakan Allah, jiwa seperti ini akan abadi dalam
kesengsaraan.</span><span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi;">c.
</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Jiwa yang tidak pernah mengenal Allah
dalam hidupnya, jiwa ini akan berakhir seperti hewan.</span><span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Sepertinya Ibnu Thufail meletakkan tanggung jawab manusia
dihadapan Allah atas dasar pengetahuannya tentang Allah. Orang yang mengetahui
Allah dan menjalankan kebaikan akan kekal dalam kebahagian. Orang yang
mengetahui Allah tetapi terus melakukan suatu maksiat akan kekal dalam
kesensaraan. Orang yang sama sekali tidak pernah mengetahui Allah jiwanya akan
lenyap seperti lenyapnya jiwanya hewan.</span><span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi;">4. </span></b><b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Epistemologi</span></b><span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Ibnu Thufail
menjelaskan bahwa ma’rifat itu dimulai dari panca indra</span><span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">
(</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> pengamatan dan pengalaman dapat
diperoleh pengetahuan indrawi</span><span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">. Hal- hal yang bersifat metafisis dapat diketahui dengan
akal intuisi. Ma’rifat dilakukan dengan dua cara: pemikiran akal renungan,
seperti yang dilakukan para filosof Muslim dan <i>kasyf </i>ruhani ( tasawuf), yang
biasa dilakukan oleh kaum sufi</span><span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Ma’rifat dengan
<i>kasyf </i>ruhani, menurut Inbu Thufai dapat diperoleh dengan latihan-latihan
rohani dengan penuh kesungguhan. Semakin tinggi latihan ini, akan semakin jelas
dan berbagai hakikat akan tersingkat. </span><i><span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">K</span></i><i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">asyf </span></i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ruhani
merupakan esktase yang tidak dapt dilukiskan dengan kata- kata sebab kata- kata
hanya merupakan simbol- simbol yang terbatas pada pengamatan indrawi.</span><span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi;">5. </span></b><b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Rekonsilidasi (taufiq) antara filsafat dan agama</span></b><span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Melalui roman
filsafat hayy ibnu yaqzhan, Ibnu Thufail menekankan bahwa antara filsafat dan
agama tidak bertentangan, dengan kata lain akal tidak bertentangan dengan
wahyu.</span><span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Melalui roman
filsafat hayy ibnu yaqzhan, Ibnu Thufail menekankan bahwa antara filsafat dan
agama tidak bertentangan, dengan kata lain akal tidak bertentangan dengan
wahyu.</span><span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Ibnu Thufail
menokohkan hayy sebagai personifikasi dari sepirit alamiyah manusia yang
disinari ( <i>illuminated</i>) dari “ atas” tersebut mesti sesuai dengan roh
Nabi Muhammad, yang ucapan- ucapannya, perlu ditafsirkan secara metaforis.</span><span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Ibnu Thufail
menyadari, mengetahui dan berhubungan dengan Allah melalui pemikiran akal
murni, yang hanya dapat dilakukan oleh orang- orang khusus ( <i>Ahli al-
ma’rifat</i>). Orang awam tidak mampu melakukannya. Justru itu, bagi orang awam
sangat diperlukan dengan adanya agama yang dibawa oleh Nabi.</span><span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Agama
diturunkan untuk semua orang dalam segala tingkatannya. Filsafat hanya dapat
dijangkau oleh orang- orang yang bernalar tinggi yang jumlahnya sedikit agama
melambangkan “ dunia atas ” (<i>divine wold</i>) dengan lambang- lamvang
esksoteris. Agama penuh dengan perbandingan, persamaan dan persepsi- persepsi
antrokomorfis, sehingga cukup mudah dipahami oleh orang banyak filsafat
merupakan bagian dari kebenaran esoteris, yang mebafsirkan lambang- lambang itu
agar diperoleh pengertian- pengertian yang hakiki.</span><span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Kenyataanya,
Ibnu Thufail dengan penuh kesungguhan untuk merekonsiliasikan antara filsafat
dengan agama. Hayy dalam roman filsafatnya, ia lambangkan sebagai akal yang
dapat berkomunikasi dengan Allah. Sedangkan absal, ia lambngkan sebagai wahyu (
agama) dalam bentuk esoteris, yang membawa hakikat ( kebenaran). Sementara
Salman, ia lambangkan sebagai wahyu ( agama) dalam bentuk eksoteris yang juga
membawa kebenaran. Kebenaran yang dihasilkan filsafat tidak bertentangan (
sejalan) dengan kebenaran yang dikehendaki agama karena sumbernya sama yakni
Allah SWT.</span><span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="BAB" style="text-align: center;">
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=1551508683293426018" name="_Toc383093308"><span lang="IN">BAB III</span></a></div>
<div class="BAB" style="text-align: center;">
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=1551508683293426018" name="_Toc383093309"><span lang="IN">PENUTUP</span></a></div>
<div class="SUBBAB">
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=1551508683293426018" name="_Toc383093310"><span lang="IN">A. </span><span lang="IN">KESIMPULAN</span></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-indent: -14.15pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi;">1. </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Nama lengkap Ibnu Thufail adalah Abu Bakar Muhammad Ibnu
Abdul Al Malik Ibnu Muhammad Ibnu Muhammad Ibnu Thufail. Ia di lahirkan di
Cadik, provinsi Granada, Spanyol pada tahun 506 H/ 1110 M. Ibnu Thufail
termasuk dalam keluarga suku arab terkemuka, Qais. Dalam bahasa latin ia
populer dengan sebutan Abu Bacer.</span><span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi;">2. </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Disebutkan bahwa Ibnu Thufail memiliki beberapa karangan
tentang kedokteran, Astronomi, Filsafat, dan Psikologi. Tetapi tidak banyak
buku- bukunya tentang psikologi yang sampai ketangan kami, kecuali kisah<i>
Hayy ibn Yaqzhan </i>buku ini merupakan kisah filosofis- sufistik yang membuat
Ibnu Thufail sangat terkenal.</span><span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=1551508683293426018" name="_GoBack"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi;">3. </span></a><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Filsafat Ibnu
Thufail meliputi:</span><span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi;"><br clear="all" style="mso-break-type: section-break; page-break-before: auto;" />
</span>
<br />
<div class="Section6">
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi;">a. </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Metafisika</span><span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-indent: -13.65pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi;">b. </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Fisika</span><span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-indent: -13.65pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi;">c. </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Jiwa</span><span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi;">d. </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Epistimologi</span><span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-indent: -13.65pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi;">e. </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Konsolidasi filsafat dan agama</span><span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi;"><br clear="all" style="mso-break-type: section-break; page-break-before: auto;" />
</span></b>
<br />
<div class="SUBBAB">
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=1551508683293426018" name="_Toc383093311"><span lang="IN">B. </span><span lang="IN">SARAN-SARAN</span></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Demikian makalah yang dapat</span><span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">saya</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> sajikan dan sampaikan. </span><span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Saya</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> menyadari bahwa sebagai manusia biasa tidaklah lepas
dari kesalahan dan kekurangan. Begitu juga dengan makalah ini yang masih jauh
dari sempurna</span><span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">. O</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">leh karena itu,
kritik dan saran yang konstruktif senantiasa </span><span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">saya</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> harapkan, demi kesempurnaan makalah ini dan yang akan
datang. Semoga makalah ini dapat menambah khazanah keilmuan dan bermanfaat bagi
</span><span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">sayadanpembaca.</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> Amin.</span><span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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